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Abstract
One’s view of the link between sex and reproduction typically correlates with one’s stance on birth control and assisted reproductive technologies such as IVF. While the Roman Catholic Church holds a clear conviction regarding these technologies and interventions, Protestant (bio)ethicists and individuals alike vary in their viewpoints. When it comes to contraception, Protestants typically fall into three categories: completely against, completely in support, or allowed with restrictions. Opinions on assisted reproduction typically are affirmative or opposed. Through an examination of historical landmarks and varying Protestant perspectives, this article demonstrates how one’s theology of sexuality, or lack thereof, influences reproductive decisions.
Keywords: contraception, sexuality, assisted reproduction, women’s health, reproductive technologies, religious ethics
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Cite as: Abigail Littrell, “Variance in Viewpoints: Protestant Perspectives on Birth Control and Assisted Reproduction,” Ethics & Medicine 38, no. 1–2 (2022): Early access.
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About the Author
Abigail Littrell, MA
Abigail Littrell, MA graduated from Wheaton College in 2021 with a degree in biology and Trinity Evangelical Divinity School in 2023 with dual Master’s degrees in bioethics and theological studies. She is interested in and passionate about practical theology and equipping the Church in areas of discipleship, justice, and ethics. As of 2025, she is the Center Development Director at Administer Justice, a legal aid nonprofit that partners with churches across the nation.